Bio 2.1 Ecosystems- Lillie Moreno
Analyze the interdependence of living organisms within their environments.
Have you ever wondered, how exactly does the world work? Well, in order for it to stay balanced, there is a matter of cycles that need to be in continuation. If one cycle dissipated, then everything would get all screwed up. There are 3 different yet important cycles involving nitrogen, carbon and water.
Nitrogen Cycle-
Water Cycle-
Carbon Cycle-
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Bio 2.1.2- Analyze the survival and reproductive success of organisms in terms of behavioral, structural, and reproductive adaptations.
Plants
Vascular tissue is in charge of carrying and moving materials throughout an organism. The xylem tissue transports water, and the phloem tissue transports glucose and other organic molecules. Plants can fall under four main categories regarding the presence of vascular tissue and their reproduction: Non-vascular, Seedless Vascular, Gymnosperms, or Angiosperms.
Non-vascular plants don't have vascular tissue, and because they don't have it, they can't store materials. This means that they're low growing, and have to be constantly moist to absorb water. Non-vascular plants reproduce using spores, an example of this type of plant include mosses and other fungi.
Seedless Vascular plants have vascular tissue, which means they have roots, stems, and leaves. But, they reproduce using spores. An example of these would be ferns.
Gymnosperms, which means “naked seed,” have vascular tissue, and they are bigger than most other plant species, particularly evergreen trees. Their seeds are not covered by ovule, and are generally grouped and dropped using cones. Examples- conifer trees: Pines, cedars, and spruces.
Angiosperms are vascular plants that have seeds covered by an ovule, like a fruit or nut. Examples include most deciduous trees, like oaks, maples, and dogwoods.
Non-vascular plants don't have vascular tissue, and because they don't have it, they can't store materials. This means that they're low growing, and have to be constantly moist to absorb water. Non-vascular plants reproduce using spores, an example of this type of plant include mosses and other fungi.
Seedless Vascular plants have vascular tissue, which means they have roots, stems, and leaves. But, they reproduce using spores. An example of these would be ferns.
Gymnosperms, which means “naked seed,” have vascular tissue, and they are bigger than most other plant species, particularly evergreen trees. Their seeds are not covered by ovule, and are generally grouped and dropped using cones. Examples- conifer trees: Pines, cedars, and spruces.
Angiosperms are vascular plants that have seeds covered by an ovule, like a fruit or nut. Examples include most deciduous trees, like oaks, maples, and dogwoods.
Animals
Annelids have segmented muscle that allows moving without a skeletal system, while also having two hearts and a large digestive system.
Amphibians don't have scales but have smooth, permeable skin to allow gas exchange, as well as having gills and lungs. This gives them the advantage of going to land and water, after the aquatic larvae goes through metamorphosis. Their feet are webbed and don't have claws, and fertilization is external.
Insects survive fairly well, dealing with their small size, exoskeleton, ability to fly, and prolific reproduction. They also either go through complete or incomplete metamorphosis. In complete metamorphosis, a larvae goes through two stages of development, and neither one looks like it does when its and adult. In incomplete metamorphosis, the larvae hatches resembling its adult form but lit can't do a few things, and then it goes through several stages of molting before reaching adulthood.
Mammals are endotherms, which means they can produce their own body heat. This allows survival in a large range of environments. They also have hair, and mammary glands which mothers use to feed their offspring. Fertilization is internal, as well as development, and their young are birthed live, with the exception of monotremes. Monotremes give birth to their young in thin, leathery shells, and insulate the egg with their body heat until the baby hatches. Marsupials give birth to their young before they are fully developed. The baby then climbs into its mother’s pouch and attaches to a mammary gland until it can survive on its own. Placental mammals have a longer gestation period in which the young develops internally, and is nourished through the placenta, a lining that forms on the uterus wall.
Amphibians don't have scales but have smooth, permeable skin to allow gas exchange, as well as having gills and lungs. This gives them the advantage of going to land and water, after the aquatic larvae goes through metamorphosis. Their feet are webbed and don't have claws, and fertilization is external.
Insects survive fairly well, dealing with their small size, exoskeleton, ability to fly, and prolific reproduction. They also either go through complete or incomplete metamorphosis. In complete metamorphosis, a larvae goes through two stages of development, and neither one looks like it does when its and adult. In incomplete metamorphosis, the larvae hatches resembling its adult form but lit can't do a few things, and then it goes through several stages of molting before reaching adulthood.
Mammals are endotherms, which means they can produce their own body heat. This allows survival in a large range of environments. They also have hair, and mammary glands which mothers use to feed their offspring. Fertilization is internal, as well as development, and their young are birthed live, with the exception of monotremes. Monotremes give birth to their young in thin, leathery shells, and insulate the egg with their body heat until the baby hatches. Marsupials give birth to their young before they are fully developed. The baby then climbs into its mother’s pouch and attaches to a mammary gland until it can survive on its own. Placental mammals have a longer gestation period in which the young develops internally, and is nourished through the placenta, a lining that forms on the uterus wall.